Tests Catalogs

VITAMIN C - PLASMA

LAB671

Collect

Green (sodium or lithium heparin). Place specimen in ice bath immediately. Also acceptable: Plasma separator tube.

Specimen Preparation

Protect from light, centrifuge, transfer plasma and freeze within 1 hour of collection. Transfer 0.5 mL plasma to an ARUP Amber Transport Tube. (Min: 0.3 mL)

Unacceptable Conditions

EDTA plasma, whole blood, or body fluids. Grossly hemolyzed specimens.

Storage/Transport Temperature

CRITICAL FROZEN AND LIGHT PROTECTED. Separate specimens must be submitted when multiple tests are ordered

Stability (from collection to initiation)

After separation from cells: Ambient: Unacceptable; Refrigerated: Unacceptable; Frozen: 1 year

Remarks

Thawing and refreezing of the specimen and exposure to light will result in decreased Vitamin C concentration.

Performed by

PCL Clinical Laboratory

Notes

Fasting specimen preferred. Thawing and refreezing of the specimen and exposure to light will result in decreased Vitamin C concentration.

Performed

Sun, Tue-Thu, Sat

Methodology

Quantitative High Performance Liquid Chromatography

Reported

1-6 days

Ordering Recommendations

Use for nutritional assessment of vitamin C.

Reference Interval

23-114 µmol/L

Interpretive Data

Vitamin C concentrations lower than 11 µmol/L indicate deficiency. Concentrations between 11 and 23 µmol/L are consistent with a moderate risk of deficiency due to inadequate tissue stores.

Vitamin C concentration is reported as micromoles per liter (µmol/L). To convert concentration to milligrams per deciliter (mg/dL), multiply the result by 0.0176.

Performed by

PCL Clinical Laboratory

CPT Codes

82180
Collection

LAB671

Collect

Green (sodium or lithium heparin). Place specimen in ice bath immediately. Also acceptable: Plasma separator tube.

Specimen Preparation

Protect from light, centrifuge, transfer plasma and freeze within 1 hour of collection. Transfer 0.5 mL plasma to an ARUP Amber Transport Tube. (Min: 0.3 mL)

Unacceptable Conditions

EDTA plasma, whole blood, or body fluids. Grossly hemolyzed specimens.

Storage/Transport Temperature

CRITICAL FROZEN AND LIGHT PROTECTED. Separate specimens must be submitted when multiple tests are ordered

Stability (from collection to initiation)

After separation from cells: Ambient: Unacceptable; Refrigerated: Unacceptable; Frozen: 1 year

Remarks

Thawing and refreezing of the specimen and exposure to light will result in decreased Vitamin C concentration.

Performed by

PCL Clinical Laboratory

Notes

Fasting specimen preferred. Thawing and refreezing of the specimen and exposure to light will result in decreased Vitamin C concentration.
Ordering

Performed

Sun, Tue-Thu, Sat

Methodology

Quantitative High Performance Liquid Chromatography

Reported

1-6 days

Ordering Recommendations

Use for nutritional assessment of vitamin C.
Result Interpretation

Reference Interval

23-114 µmol/L

Interpretive Data

Vitamin C concentrations lower than 11 µmol/L indicate deficiency. Concentrations between 11 and 23 µmol/L are consistent with a moderate risk of deficiency due to inadequate tissue stores.

Vitamin C concentration is reported as micromoles per liter (µmol/L). To convert concentration to milligrams per deciliter (mg/dL), multiply the result by 0.0176.

Performed by

PCL Clinical Laboratory

Administrative

CPT Codes

82180

VITAMIN D, 25-HYDROXY (PREFERRED)

LAB535

VITD

Collect

One 4.5 mL gold top with gel (SST), (clot activator serum). Tube must be full.

Pediatric Collection

Minimum volume: 1.0 mL blood in a 4.5 mL red top tube with no gel.

Unacceptable Conditions

Specimen not properly identified; incorrect container; insufficient sample volume.

Storage/Transport Temperature

Internal: Deliver to lab immediately at ambient temperature.

Offsite: Allow to clot for 30 minutes before centrifugation. Keep stoppered at all times. Centrifuge within 1 hour of collection and transport refrigerated to laboratory.

Stability (from collection to initiation)

Ambient, 24 hours; Refrigerated: 7 days; Frozen (-20 degrees C): undetermined.

Remarks

Vitamin-D25 testing includes Vitamin D2 and D3.

Performed by

PCL Clinical Laboratory - Core

Performed

Upon receipt

Methodology

Chemiluminescent Immunoassay

Reported

Same day

Synonyms

  • 25-HYDROXY VITAMIN D
  • VITAMIN D2
  • VITAMIN D3
  • LAB535
  • VITD25

Reference Interval

Effective 11/25/2014:

13 - 62 ng/mL

Before 11/25/2014:

30-100 ng/mL

Interpretive Data

On 11/25/2014 this test was standardized to a reference for the CDC’s VDSP.  By this method, results for apparently healthy adults are expected to be 7.4-44 ng/mL. At PCL, results for such adults range from 13-62 ng/mL. Results can vary by laboratory.  20 ng/mL is a sufficient level for practically all individuals, per the IOM. For individuals at risk of deficiency, the Endocrine Society defined less than 20 ng/ml as deficient, 21–29 ng/mL insufficient, and 30-100 ng/mL sufficient.

Performed by

PCL Clinical Laboratory - Core

CPT Codes

82306

Collection

LAB535

VITD

Collect

One 4.5 mL gold top with gel (SST), (clot activator serum). Tube must be full.

Pediatric Collection

Minimum volume: 1.0 mL blood in a 4.5 mL red top tube with no gel.

Unacceptable Conditions

Specimen not properly identified; incorrect container; insufficient sample volume.

Storage/Transport Temperature

Internal: Deliver to lab immediately at ambient temperature.

Offsite: Allow to clot for 30 minutes before centrifugation. Keep stoppered at all times. Centrifuge within 1 hour of collection and transport refrigerated to laboratory.

Stability (from collection to initiation)

Ambient, 24 hours; Refrigerated: 7 days; Frozen (-20 degrees C): undetermined.

Remarks

Vitamin-D25 testing includes Vitamin D2 and D3.

Performed by

PCL Clinical Laboratory - Core

Ordering

Performed

Upon receipt

Methodology

Chemiluminescent Immunoassay

Reported

Same day

Synonyms

  • 25-HYDROXY VITAMIN D
  • VITAMIN D2
  • VITAMIN D3
  • LAB535
  • VITD25
Result Interpretation

Reference Interval

Effective 11/25/2014:

13 - 62 ng/mL

Before 11/25/2014:

30-100 ng/mL

Interpretive Data

On 11/25/2014 this test was standardized to a reference for the CDC’s VDSP.  By this method, results for apparently healthy adults are expected to be 7.4-44 ng/mL. At PCL, results for such adults range from 13-62 ng/mL. Results can vary by laboratory.  20 ng/mL is a sufficient level for practically all individuals, per the IOM. For individuals at risk of deficiency, the Endocrine Society defined less than 20 ng/ml as deficient, 21–29 ng/mL insufficient, and 30-100 ng/mL sufficient.

Performed by

PCL Clinical Laboratory - Core

Administrative

CPT Codes

82306

VITAMIN D,1,25-DIHYDROXY

LAB536

Collect

Serum separator tube or plain red, lithium heparin or EDTA plasma.

Specimen Preparation

Allow serum separator or plain red tube to sit for 15-20 minutes at room temperature for proper clot formation. Centrifuge and separate serum or plasma from cells ASAP or within 2 hours of collection. Transfer 1 mL serum or plasma to an ARUP Standard Transport Tube. (Min: 0.5 mL)
Storage/Transport Temperature: Refrigerated.

Unacceptable Conditions

Grossly hemolyzed or lipemic specimens.

Storage/Transport Temperature

Refrigerated.

Stability (from collection to initiation)

After separation from cells: Ambient: 1 week; Refrigerated: 2 weeks; Frozen: 6 months

Performed

Sun-Sat

Methodology

Quantitative Chemiluminescent Immunoassay

Reported

Within 24 hours

Synonyms

  • Calcitriol
  • D, 1-25 Dihydroxy, Vitamin
  • LAB536

Additional Technical Information

Ordering Recommendations

May be useful for evaluating calcium metabolism in individuals with hypercalcemia or renal failure in addition to Vitamin D, 25-Hydroxy testing. Test is not appropriate for diagnosing vitamin D deficiency or insufficiency.

Reference Interval

19.9-79.3 pg/mL

Interpretive Data

This test is primarily indicated during patient evaluation for hypercalcemia and renal failure. A normal result does not rule out Vitamin D deficiency. The recommended test for diagnosing Vitamin D deficiency is Vitamin D 25-hydroxy. 

CPT Codes

82652
Collection

LAB536

Collect

Serum separator tube or plain red, lithium heparin or EDTA plasma.

Specimen Preparation

Allow serum separator or plain red tube to sit for 15-20 minutes at room temperature for proper clot formation. Centrifuge and separate serum or plasma from cells ASAP or within 2 hours of collection. Transfer 1 mL serum or plasma to an ARUP Standard Transport Tube. (Min: 0.5 mL)
Storage/Transport Temperature: Refrigerated.

Unacceptable Conditions

Grossly hemolyzed or lipemic specimens.

Storage/Transport Temperature

Refrigerated.

Stability (from collection to initiation)

After separation from cells: Ambient: 1 week; Refrigerated: 2 weeks; Frozen: 6 months
Ordering

Performed

Sun-Sat

Methodology

Quantitative Chemiluminescent Immunoassay

Reported

Within 24 hours

Synonyms

  • Calcitriol
  • D, 1-25 Dihydroxy, Vitamin
  • LAB536

Additional Technical Information

Ordering Recommendations

May be useful for evaluating calcium metabolism in individuals with hypercalcemia or renal failure in addition to Vitamin D, 25-Hydroxy testing. Test is not appropriate for diagnosing vitamin D deficiency or insufficiency.
Result Interpretation

Reference Interval

19.9-79.3 pg/mL

Interpretive Data

This test is primarily indicated during patient evaluation for hypercalcemia and renal failure. A normal result does not rule out Vitamin D deficiency. The recommended test for diagnosing Vitamin D deficiency is Vitamin D 25-hydroxy. 

Administrative

CPT Codes

82652

VITAMIN E [APLHA-TOCOPHEROL]

LAB130

Collect

Green (sodium or lithium heparin) or serum separator tube. Also acceptable: Lavender (EDTA) or pink (K2EDTA).

Patient Preparation

Patient should fast for 12 hours and abstain from alcohol for 24 hours prior to collection.

Specimen Preparation

Separate serum or plasma from cells within 1 hour of collection. Transfer 1 mL serum or plasma to an ARUP Standard Transport Tube. (Min: 0.2 mL) Avoid hemolysis.

Unacceptable Conditions

Whole blood or body fluids other than serum or plasma.

Storage/Transport Temperature

Refrigerated.

Stability (from collection to initiation)

After separation from cells: Ambient: Unacceptable; Refrigerated: 1 month; Frozen at -20°C: 1 year

Performed

Sun-Sat

Methodology

Quantitative High Performance Liquid Chromatography

Reported

1-3 days

Synonyms

  • Tocopherol
  • E, Vitamin, Plasma or Serum
  • Alpha-Tocopherol
  • LAB130
  • VIT E

Ordering Recommendations

Use for nutritional assessment of vitamin E (alpha- and gamma-tocopherols).

Reference Interval

Components
Reference Interval
Vitamin E (Alpha-Tocopherol)
Age
Reference Interval
0-1 month
2-5 months
6 months-1 year
2-12 years
13 years and older		1.0-3.5 mg/L
2.0-6.0 mg/L
3.5-8.0 mg/L
5.5-9.0 mg/L
5.5-18.0 mg/L

Vitamin E (Gamma-Tocopherol) 0-6.0 mg/L

CPT Codes

84446
Collection

LAB130

Collect

Green (sodium or lithium heparin) or serum separator tube. Also acceptable: Lavender (EDTA) or pink (K2EDTA).

Patient Preparation

Patient should fast for 12 hours and abstain from alcohol for 24 hours prior to collection.

Specimen Preparation

Separate serum or plasma from cells within 1 hour of collection. Transfer 1 mL serum or plasma to an ARUP Standard Transport Tube. (Min: 0.2 mL) Avoid hemolysis.

Unacceptable Conditions

Whole blood or body fluids other than serum or plasma.

Storage/Transport Temperature

Refrigerated.

Stability (from collection to initiation)

After separation from cells: Ambient: Unacceptable; Refrigerated: 1 month; Frozen at -20°C: 1 year
Ordering

Performed

Sun-Sat

Methodology

Quantitative High Performance Liquid Chromatography

Reported

1-3 days

Synonyms

  • Tocopherol
  • E, Vitamin, Plasma or Serum
  • Alpha-Tocopherol
  • LAB130
  • VIT E

Ordering Recommendations

Use for nutritional assessment of vitamin E (alpha- and gamma-tocopherols).
Result Interpretation

Reference Interval

Components
Reference Interval
Vitamin E (Alpha-Tocopherol)
Age
Reference Interval
0-1 month
2-5 months
6 months-1 year
2-12 years
13 years and older		1.0-3.5 mg/L
2.0-6.0 mg/L
3.5-8.0 mg/L
5.5-9.0 mg/L
5.5-18.0 mg/L

Vitamin E (Gamma-Tocopherol) 0-6.0 mg/L

Administrative

CPT Codes

84446

VITAMIN K1, SERUM

LAB1110

 

Collect

Plain red or serum separator tube. Also acceptable: Lavender (EDTA) or pink (K2EDTA).

Patient Preparation

Patient should fast overnight for 12 hours and should not consume alcohol for 24 hours prior to blood draw.

Specimen Preparation

Protect from light during collection, storage, and shipment. Separate serum or plasma from cells within 1 hour of collection. Transfer 1 mL serum or plasma to an ARUP Amber Transport Tube. (Min: 0.6 mL)

Unacceptable Conditions

Any specimen other than serum or EDTA plasma. Hemolyzed specimens.

Storage/Transport Temperature

Frozen. Separate specimens must be submitted when multiple tests are ordered.

Stability (from collection to initiation)

After separation from cells: Ambient: Unacceptable; Refrigerated: 1 month; Frozen: 6 months

Performed

Sun-Fri

Methodology

Quantitative High Performance Liquid Chromatography

Reported

2-5 days

Synonyms

  • K1, Vitamin, Serum
  • LAB1110
  • VIT K

Ordering Recommendations

Use for nutritional assessment of vitamin K1.

Reference Interval

0.22-4.88 nmol/L

Interpretive Data

Vitamin K concentration is reported as nanomoles per liter (nmol/L). To convert concentration to nanograms per milliliter (ng/mL), multiply the result by 0.45.

CPT Codes

84597
Collection

LAB1110

 

Collect

Plain red or serum separator tube. Also acceptable: Lavender (EDTA) or pink (K2EDTA).

Patient Preparation

Patient should fast overnight for 12 hours and should not consume alcohol for 24 hours prior to blood draw.

Specimen Preparation

Protect from light during collection, storage, and shipment. Separate serum or plasma from cells within 1 hour of collection. Transfer 1 mL serum or plasma to an ARUP Amber Transport Tube. (Min: 0.6 mL)

Unacceptable Conditions

Any specimen other than serum or EDTA plasma. Hemolyzed specimens.

Storage/Transport Temperature

Frozen. Separate specimens must be submitted when multiple tests are ordered.

Stability (from collection to initiation)

After separation from cells: Ambient: Unacceptable; Refrigerated: 1 month; Frozen: 6 months
Ordering

Performed

Sun-Fri

Methodology

Quantitative High Performance Liquid Chromatography

Reported

2-5 days

Synonyms

  • K1, Vitamin, Serum
  • LAB1110
  • VIT K

Ordering Recommendations

Use for nutritional assessment of vitamin K1.
Result Interpretation

Reference Interval

0.22-4.88 nmol/L

Interpretive Data

Vitamin K concentration is reported as nanomoles per liter (nmol/L). To convert concentration to nanograms per milliliter (ng/mL), multiply the result by 0.45.

Administrative

CPT Codes

84597

VMA AND HVA, URINE

LAB3308

Collect

24-hour or random urine. Refrigerate 24-hour specimen during collection.

Patient Preparation

Abstain from medications for 72 hours prior to collection.

Specimen Preparation

Transfer 4 mL aliquot from a well mixed 24-hour or random collection to an ARUP Standard Transport Tube. (Min: 1 mL) Record total volume and collection time interval on transport tube and test request form.

Unacceptable Conditions

Specimen types other than urine.

Storage/Transport Temperature

Refrigerated.

Stability (from collection to initiation)

Ambient: Unacceptable; Refrigerated: 1 week; Frozen: 2 weeks

Notes

Moderately elevated HVA (homovanillic acid) and VMA (vanillylmandelic acid) can be caused by a variety of factors such as essential hypertension, intense anxiety, intense physical exercise, and numerous drug interactions (including some over-the-counter medications and herbal products).
Medications that may interfere with catecholamines and their metabolites include amphetamines and amphetamine-like compounds, appetite suppressants, bromocriptine, buspirone, caffeine, chlorpromazine, clonidine, disulfiram, diuretics (in doses sufficient to deplete sodium), epinephrine, glucagon, guanethidine, histamine, hydrazine derivatives, imipramine, levodopa (L-dopa, Sinemet), lithium, MAO inhibitors, melatonin, methyldopa (Aldomet), morphine, nitroglycerin, nose drops, propafenone (Rythmol), radiographic agents, rauwolfia alkaloids (Reserpine), tricyclic antidepressants, and vasodilators.  The effects of some drugs on catecholamine metabolite results may not be predicable.

Performed

Sun, Tue-Sat

Methodology

Quantitative High Performance Liquid Chromatography-Tandem Mass Spectrometry

Reported

1-4 days

Synonyms

  • HVA & VMA
  • VMA & HVA, Urine
  • LAB3308
  • VMA/VHA

Ordering Recommendations

Initial test for the diagnosis and monitoring of neuroblastoma.

Reference Interval


Components
Reference Interval
Homovanillic Acid - per 24h18 years and older0.0-15.0 mg/d
Vanillylmandelic Acid - per 24h18 years and older0.0-7.0 mg/d
The HVA-to-creatinine ratio and VMA-to-creatinine ratio will be reported when the patient is under 18 years, the urine collection is random or other than 24 hours, or the urine volume is less than 400 mL/24 hours.
Homovanillic Acid - ratio to CRT0-2 years       
3-5 years
6-17 years
18 years and older		0-42 mg/g CRT
0-22 mg/g CRT
0-15 mg/g CRT
0-8 mg/g CRT
Vanillylmandelic Acid - ratio to CRT0-2 years
3-5 years
6-17 years
18 years and older		0-27 mg/g CRT
0-13 mg/g CRT
0-9 mg/g CRT
0-6 mg/g CRT
Creatinine, Urine - per 24hMale
3-8 years: 140-700 mg/d
9-12 years: 300-1300 mg/d
13-17 years: 500-2300 mg/d
18-50 years: 1000-2500 mg/d
51-80 years: 800-2100 mg/d
81 years and older: 600-2000 mg/d		Female
3-8 years: 140-700 mg/d
9-12 years: 300-1300 mg/d
13-17 years: 400-1600 mg/d
18-50 years: 700-1600 mg/d
51-80 years: 500-1400 mg/d
81 years and older: 400-1300 mg/d

Interpretive Data

Vanillylmandelic acid (VMA) and homovanillic acid (HVA) results are expressed as a ratio to creatinine excretion (mg/g CRT). VMA and HVA mass per day (mg/d) is not reported on specimens from patients younger than 18 years of age, for random specimens, urine collection periods other than 24 hours, or for urine volumes less than 400 mL/d. No reference interval is available for results reported in units of mg/L. Slight or moderate increases in catecholamine metabolites may be due to extreme anxiety, essential hypertension, intense physical exercise, or drug interactions. Significant increase of one or more catecholamine metabolites (several times the upper reference limit) is associated with an increased probability of a secreting neuroendocrine tumor.

CPT Codes

83150; 84585
Collection

LAB3308

Collect

24-hour or random urine. Refrigerate 24-hour specimen during collection.

Patient Preparation

Abstain from medications for 72 hours prior to collection.

Specimen Preparation

Transfer 4 mL aliquot from a well mixed 24-hour or random collection to an ARUP Standard Transport Tube. (Min: 1 mL) Record total volume and collection time interval on transport tube and test request form.

Unacceptable Conditions

Specimen types other than urine.

Storage/Transport Temperature

Refrigerated.

Stability (from collection to initiation)

Ambient: Unacceptable; Refrigerated: 1 week; Frozen: 2 weeks

Notes

Moderately elevated HVA (homovanillic acid) and VMA (vanillylmandelic acid) can be caused by a variety of factors such as essential hypertension, intense anxiety, intense physical exercise, and numerous drug interactions (including some over-the-counter medications and herbal products).
Medications that may interfere with catecholamines and their metabolites include amphetamines and amphetamine-like compounds, appetite suppressants, bromocriptine, buspirone, caffeine, chlorpromazine, clonidine, disulfiram, diuretics (in doses sufficient to deplete sodium), epinephrine, glucagon, guanethidine, histamine, hydrazine derivatives, imipramine, levodopa (L-dopa, Sinemet), lithium, MAO inhibitors, melatonin, methyldopa (Aldomet), morphine, nitroglycerin, nose drops, propafenone (Rythmol), radiographic agents, rauwolfia alkaloids (Reserpine), tricyclic antidepressants, and vasodilators.  The effects of some drugs on catecholamine metabolite results may not be predicable.
Ordering

Performed

Sun, Tue-Sat

Methodology

Quantitative High Performance Liquid Chromatography-Tandem Mass Spectrometry

Reported

1-4 days

Synonyms

  • HVA & VMA
  • VMA & HVA, Urine
  • LAB3308
  • VMA/VHA

Ordering Recommendations

Initial test for the diagnosis and monitoring of neuroblastoma.
Result Interpretation

Reference Interval


Components
Reference Interval
Homovanillic Acid - per 24h18 years and older0.0-15.0 mg/d
Vanillylmandelic Acid - per 24h18 years and older0.0-7.0 mg/d
The HVA-to-creatinine ratio and VMA-to-creatinine ratio will be reported when the patient is under 18 years, the urine collection is random or other than 24 hours, or the urine volume is less than 400 mL/24 hours.
Homovanillic Acid - ratio to CRT0-2 years       
3-5 years
6-17 years
18 years and older		0-42 mg/g CRT
0-22 mg/g CRT
0-15 mg/g CRT
0-8 mg/g CRT
Vanillylmandelic Acid - ratio to CRT0-2 years
3-5 years
6-17 years
18 years and older		0-27 mg/g CRT
0-13 mg/g CRT
0-9 mg/g CRT
0-6 mg/g CRT
Creatinine, Urine - per 24hMale
3-8 years: 140-700 mg/d
9-12 years: 300-1300 mg/d
13-17 years: 500-2300 mg/d
18-50 years: 1000-2500 mg/d
51-80 years: 800-2100 mg/d
81 years and older: 600-2000 mg/d		Female
3-8 years: 140-700 mg/d
9-12 years: 300-1300 mg/d
13-17 years: 400-1600 mg/d
18-50 years: 700-1600 mg/d
51-80 years: 500-1400 mg/d
81 years and older: 400-1300 mg/d

Interpretive Data

Vanillylmandelic acid (VMA) and homovanillic acid (HVA) results are expressed as a ratio to creatinine excretion (mg/g CRT). VMA and HVA mass per day (mg/d) is not reported on specimens from patients younger than 18 years of age, for random specimens, urine collection periods other than 24 hours, or for urine volumes less than 400 mL/d. No reference interval is available for results reported in units of mg/L. Slight or moderate increases in catecholamine metabolites may be due to extreme anxiety, essential hypertension, intense physical exercise, or drug interactions. Significant increase of one or more catecholamine metabolites (several times the upper reference limit) is associated with an increased probability of a secreting neuroendocrine tumor.

Administrative

CPT Codes

83150; 84585

VOLTAGE-GATED POTASSIUM CHANNEL ANTIBODY

LAB8794

Collect

Plain red or serum separator tube.

Specimen Preparation

Separate serum from cells within 1 hour. Transfer 4 mL serum to an ARUP Standard Transport Tube. (Min: 0.5 mL)

Unacceptable Conditions

Plasma. Grossly lipemic or icteric specimens.

Storage/Transport Temperature

Refrigerated.

Stability (from collection to initiation)

After separation from cells: Ambient: Less than 72 hours; Refrigerated: 2 weeks; Frozen: 1 month (avoid repeated freeze/thaw cycles)

Performed

Tue

Methodology

Quantitative Radioimmunoassay

Reported

1-8 days

Synonyms

  • VGKC screen
  • VGKC Ab
  • VGKC complex

Additional Technical Information

Ordering Recommendations

Screening test for voltage-gated potassium channel (VGKC) antibody receptor complex-associated autoantibodies. Assay does not identify contactin associated protein 2 (CASPR2) antibody or leucine-rich glioma inactivated 1 protein (LGI1) antibodies. Use to manage antibody-positive (VGKC, LGI1, or CASPR2) individual following immunotherapy and/or plasmapheresis.

Reference Interval

Negative31 pmol/L or less
Indeterminate32-87 pmol/L
Positive88 pmol/L or greater

Interpretive Data

Voltage-Gated Potassium Channel (VGKC) antibodies are associated with neuromuscular weakness as found in neuromyotonia (also known as Issacs syndrome) and Morvan syndrome. VGKC antibodies are also associated with paraneoplastic neurological syndromes and limbic encephalitis; however, VGKC antibody-associated limbic encephalitis may be associated with antibodies to leucine-rich, glioma-inactivated 1 protein (Lgi1) or contactin-associated protein-2 (Caspr-2) instead of potassium channel antigens. The clinical significance of this test can only be determined in conjunction with the patient's clinical history and related laboratory testing.

CPT Codes

83519
Collection

LAB8794

Collect

Plain red or serum separator tube.

Specimen Preparation

Separate serum from cells within 1 hour. Transfer 4 mL serum to an ARUP Standard Transport Tube. (Min: 0.5 mL)

Unacceptable Conditions

Plasma. Grossly lipemic or icteric specimens.

Storage/Transport Temperature

Refrigerated.

Stability (from collection to initiation)

After separation from cells: Ambient: Less than 72 hours; Refrigerated: 2 weeks; Frozen: 1 month (avoid repeated freeze/thaw cycles)
Ordering

Performed

Tue

Methodology

Quantitative Radioimmunoassay

Reported

1-8 days

Synonyms

  • VGKC screen
  • VGKC Ab
  • VGKC complex

Additional Technical Information

Ordering Recommendations

Screening test for voltage-gated potassium channel (VGKC) antibody receptor complex-associated autoantibodies. Assay does not identify contactin associated protein 2 (CASPR2) antibody or leucine-rich glioma inactivated 1 protein (LGI1) antibodies. Use to manage antibody-positive (VGKC, LGI1, or CASPR2) individual following immunotherapy and/or plasmapheresis.
Result Interpretation

Reference Interval

Negative31 pmol/L or less
Indeterminate32-87 pmol/L
Positive88 pmol/L or greater

Interpretive Data

Voltage-Gated Potassium Channel (VGKC) antibodies are associated with neuromuscular weakness as found in neuromyotonia (also known as Issacs syndrome) and Morvan syndrome. VGKC antibodies are also associated with paraneoplastic neurological syndromes and limbic encephalitis; however, VGKC antibody-associated limbic encephalitis may be associated with antibodies to leucine-rich, glioma-inactivated 1 protein (Lgi1) or contactin-associated protein-2 (Caspr-2) instead of potassium channel antigens. The clinical significance of this test can only be determined in conjunction with the patient's clinical history and related laboratory testing.

Administrative

CPT Codes

83519

VOLT-GATED CA CHANNEL AB - IGG

LAB3083

Collect

Plain red.

Specimen Preparation

Separate serum from cells ASAP or within 2 hours of collection. Transfer 1 mL serum to an ARUP Standard Transport Tube. (Min: 0.2 mL)

Unacceptable Conditions

Plasma. Hemolyzed or grossly lipemic specimens.

Storage/Transport Temperature

Frozen.

Stability (from collection to initiation)

After separation from cells: Ambient: 8 hours; Refrigerated: 2 weeks; Frozen: Indefinitely

Performed by

PCL Clinical Laboratory.

Performed

Tue

Methodology

Quantitative Radioimmunoassay

Reported

1-8 days

Synonyms

  • LAB3083
  • Lambert-Eaton
  • VGCC Ab

Reference Interval

Effective November 14, 2011
 
Negative 0.0 to 24.5 pmol/L
Indeterminate 24.6 to 45.6 pmol/L
Positive 45.7 pmol/L or greater

Performed by

PCL Clinical Laboratory.

CPT Codes

83519
Collection

LAB3083

Collect

Plain red.

Specimen Preparation

Separate serum from cells ASAP or within 2 hours of collection. Transfer 1 mL serum to an ARUP Standard Transport Tube. (Min: 0.2 mL)

Unacceptable Conditions

Plasma. Hemolyzed or grossly lipemic specimens.

Storage/Transport Temperature

Frozen.

Stability (from collection to initiation)

After separation from cells: Ambient: 8 hours; Refrigerated: 2 weeks; Frozen: Indefinitely

Performed by

PCL Clinical Laboratory.

Ordering

Performed

Tue

Methodology

Quantitative Radioimmunoassay

Reported

1-8 days

Synonyms

  • LAB3083
  • Lambert-Eaton
  • VGCC Ab
Result Interpretation

Reference Interval

Effective November 14, 2011
 
Negative 0.0 to 24.5 pmol/L
Indeterminate 24.6 to 45.6 pmol/L
Positive 45.7 pmol/L or greater

Performed by

PCL Clinical Laboratory.

Administrative

CPT Codes

83519

VON WILLEBRAND ANTIGEN

LAB757

Collect

One 2.7 mL Blue top tube (sodium citrate 3.2%). Fill tube to at least 90% capacity.

All blue tops collected for coagulation assays which do not have a blood culture collected first must have a discard tube collected prior to filling. Discard tube should be another blue top in which greater than 1 mL of blood is collected.

Pediatric Collection

0.5 mL of platelet poor plasma.

Unacceptable Conditions

Sample not properly identified; incorrect container; insufficient sample volume; more than 4 hours since collection; clotted sample; hemolysed sample; tube fill volume less than 90% or greater than 110%; sample diluted with I.V. fluid.

Storage/Transport Temperature

Internal: Deliver to lab immediately.
Offsite: Centrifuge the sample to obtain platelet poor plasma. Place plasma in a plastic aliquot container and transport frozen.

Stability (from collection to initiation)

Whole blood: Ambient, 4 hours.

Platelet poor plasma: Ambient, 4 hours; Refrigerated, 4 hours; Frozen (-20 degrees C), 2 weeks; Frozen (-70 degrees C), 6 months.

Remarks

Reference range established using 3.2% sodium citrate. Patient history is helpful for interpretation of result. A decrease in von Willebrand antigen may be seen in von Willebrand disease.

Performed by

PCL Clinical Laboratory - Specials (Coagulation)

Performed

Monday and Thursday, day shift only

Methodology

Immunoturbidimetric assay

Reported

Same day

Synonyms

  • VWF Antigen
  • LAB757

Reference Interval

Effective 01/11/2016:

49 - 163%

Before 01/11/2016:

66.0-184.0 U/dL

Interpretive Data

Interpretation of results under 50.0 U/dL will be done in conjunction with patient's ABO blood typing.

Performed by

PCL Clinical Laboratory - Specials (Coagulation)

CPT Codes

85246

Collection

LAB757

Collect

One 2.7 mL Blue top tube (sodium citrate 3.2%). Fill tube to at least 90% capacity.

All blue tops collected for coagulation assays which do not have a blood culture collected first must have a discard tube collected prior to filling. Discard tube should be another blue top in which greater than 1 mL of blood is collected.

Pediatric Collection

0.5 mL of platelet poor plasma.

Unacceptable Conditions

Sample not properly identified; incorrect container; insufficient sample volume; more than 4 hours since collection; clotted sample; hemolysed sample; tube fill volume less than 90% or greater than 110%; sample diluted with I.V. fluid.

Storage/Transport Temperature

Internal: Deliver to lab immediately.
Offsite: Centrifuge the sample to obtain platelet poor plasma. Place plasma in a plastic aliquot container and transport frozen.

Stability (from collection to initiation)

Whole blood: Ambient, 4 hours.

Platelet poor plasma: Ambient, 4 hours; Refrigerated, 4 hours; Frozen (-20 degrees C), 2 weeks; Frozen (-70 degrees C), 6 months.

Remarks

Reference range established using 3.2% sodium citrate. Patient history is helpful for interpretation of result. A decrease in von Willebrand antigen may be seen in von Willebrand disease.

Performed by

PCL Clinical Laboratory - Specials (Coagulation)

Ordering

Performed

Monday and Thursday, day shift only

Methodology

Immunoturbidimetric assay

Reported

Same day

Synonyms

  • VWF Antigen
  • LAB757
Result Interpretation

Reference Interval

Effective 01/11/2016:

49 - 163%

Before 01/11/2016:

66.0-184.0 U/dL

Interpretive Data

Interpretation of results under 50.0 U/dL will be done in conjunction with patient's ABO blood typing.

Performed by

PCL Clinical Laboratory - Specials (Coagulation)

Administrative

CPT Codes

85246

VON WILLEBRAND FACTOR ACTIVITY

LAB3539

Collect

One 2.7 mL Blue top (sodium citrate 3.2%). Fill tube to at least 90% capacity.

All blue tops for coagulation assays which do not have a blood culture collected first must have a discard tube collected prior to filling.  Discard tube should be another blue top in which greater than 1 mL of blood is collected.

Pediatric Collection

0.5 mL of platelet poor plasma.

Unacceptable Conditions

Sample not properly identified; incorrect container; insufficient sample volume; more than 4 hours since collection; clotted sample; hemolysed sample; tube fill volume less than 90% or greater than 110%; sample diluted with I.V. fluid.

Storage/Transport Temperature

Internal: Deliver to lab immediately.
Offsite: Centrifuge and separate platelet poor plasma from cells. Place plasma in aliquot container and transport to lab frozen.

Stability (from collection to initiation)

Whole blood: Ambient, 4 hours.

Plasma aliquot: Refrigerated, 4 hours; Frozen (-20 degrees C), 2 weeks; Frozen (-70C), 6 months.

Remarks

Reference range established using 3.2% sodium citrate. vWd Factor activity (Ristocetin Cofactor) refers to a specific site on the non-covalently bound complex of "Factor VIII molecules" circulating in plasma. This site must be present in order for platelets to agglutinate in the presence of ristocetin. vWd Factor Activity is frequently decreased in von Willebrand disease.

Performed by

PCL Clinical Laboratory - Coagulation

Performed

Daily, day shift

Methodology

Immunoturbidimetric assay

Reported

Same day

Synonyms

  • VWF Activity
  • LAB3539

Reference Interval

Effective 01/11/2016:

38 - 152%

Before 01/11/2016:

49.0-194.0 U/dL

Interpretive Data

Interpretation of results under 50.0 U/dL will be done in conjunction with patient's ABO blood typing.

Performed by

PCL Clinical Laboratory - Coagulation

CPT Codes

85245

Collection

LAB3539

Collect

One 2.7 mL Blue top (sodium citrate 3.2%). Fill tube to at least 90% capacity.

All blue tops for coagulation assays which do not have a blood culture collected first must have a discard tube collected prior to filling.  Discard tube should be another blue top in which greater than 1 mL of blood is collected.

Pediatric Collection

0.5 mL of platelet poor plasma.

Unacceptable Conditions

Sample not properly identified; incorrect container; insufficient sample volume; more than 4 hours since collection; clotted sample; hemolysed sample; tube fill volume less than 90% or greater than 110%; sample diluted with I.V. fluid.

Storage/Transport Temperature

Internal: Deliver to lab immediately.
Offsite: Centrifuge and separate platelet poor plasma from cells. Place plasma in aliquot container and transport to lab frozen.

Stability (from collection to initiation)

Whole blood: Ambient, 4 hours.

Plasma aliquot: Refrigerated, 4 hours; Frozen (-20 degrees C), 2 weeks; Frozen (-70C), 6 months.

Remarks

Reference range established using 3.2% sodium citrate. vWd Factor activity (Ristocetin Cofactor) refers to a specific site on the non-covalently bound complex of "Factor VIII molecules" circulating in plasma. This site must be present in order for platelets to agglutinate in the presence of ristocetin. vWd Factor Activity is frequently decreased in von Willebrand disease.

Performed by

PCL Clinical Laboratory - Coagulation

Ordering

Performed

Daily, day shift

Methodology

Immunoturbidimetric assay

Reported

Same day

Synonyms

  • VWF Activity
  • LAB3539
Result Interpretation

Reference Interval

Effective 01/11/2016:

38 - 152%

Before 01/11/2016:

49.0-194.0 U/dL

Interpretive Data

Interpretation of results under 50.0 U/dL will be done in conjunction with patient's ABO blood typing.

Performed by

PCL Clinical Laboratory - Coagulation

Administrative

CPT Codes

85245

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